The fifth and supposedly final round of negotiations for a Global Plastics Treaty (INC-5.2) has concluded; not with progress, but with paralysis. Despite tireless efforts from many countries and civil society representatives – and the presence of environment ministers expected to help broker compromises – delegates in Geneva failed to reach agreement on even the basic building blocks of a legally binding treaty.

Differing interests between oil and gas companies and chemical producers has created a structural tension in the petrochemical value chain, with energy suppliers seeking to sell more of their products to an industry that seeks to wean itself off them. This note draws on recent research from Carbon Tracker and Planet Tracker to highlight this structural tension and the associated risks for each of the two industries.

The intersection of food and health presents critical challenges for companies, investors, and policymakers alike. The food sector plays a decisive role in shaping public health outcomes, from addressing rising obesity rates and malnutrition to tackling the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.

Companies across the plastic value chain face growing legal risks from pollution, toxic chemicals, greenwashing, and non-compliance with waste laws. Litigation costs could exceed USD 20 billion by 2030.

London, April 16, 2025 – New research from Planet Tracker, reveals that Brazil’s National Fertiliser Plan (PNF) focuses on reducing the country’s reliance on imported synthetic fertiliser by increasing domestic production, but lacks clear targets for curbing the overuse of synthetic fertiliser and the significant negative climate, nature and health impacts this causes.

Brazil’s 2022 National Fertiliser Plan lacks clear targets for reducing synthetic fertiliser use and fails to outline a transition to a sustainable, regenerative agribusiness sector. Brazil’s environmental wealth depends on its environmental health, which is threatened by the GHG emissions and pollution caused by the overuse of synthetic fertilisers.

The second, and hopefully final, round of negotiations for a strong Global Plastics Treaty will take place this August in Geneva. Investors must continue supporting a strong treaty, as it would reduce risks in the plastic value chain.

Analysis of 45 of the world’s largest food giants – worth USD 2.6 trillion1 – highlights inadequate environmental and financial risk disclosure related to fertiliser misuse.

Widespread misuse of synthetic fertilisers has led to a rise in fertiliser-related environmental risks. Analysis of 45 of the largest food system companies globally revealed that a third of companies are failing to acknowledge fertiliser risks at all.

As we look ahead for this year, the geo-political headwinds for international climate and nature policy are all too clear. We therefore look ahead to the key issues and themes likely to determine the prospects for success or failure this year, assessing where progress will be critical, where it will be important to hold the line, and areas where climate and nature policymaking can be beneficially joined-up.